Waste Water Treatment Processes

Question: Discuss about theWaste Water Treatment Processes Answer: Introduction Activities wastewater medication includes of a blend of bodily, compound, and usual strategies and operations to expel solids, ordinary matter and, once in a while, dietary supplements from wastewater. Common phrases used to painting exceptional levels of treatment, all collectively of increasing healing degree, are preparatory, important, non-compulsory, and tertiary and/or propelled wastewater healing. In a few countries, purification to evacuate pathogens sometimes takes after the final remedy step. Wastewater healing is firmly recognized with the gauges and/or desires set for the emanating best. Wastewater remedy techniques are meant to achieve upgrades in the nature of the wastewater. Wastewater from flushing the can, showering, washing sinks and general cleansing goes down the channel and into a funnel, which joins a bigger sewer funnel beneath the avenue. The better pipe likewise joins a noteworthy funnel that prompts the medication focal point. Waste Water Treatment Processes There are mainly three processes for the treatment of waste water namely as- 1. Screeing2. Primary treatment3. Ocean discharge4. Solids removal Transmisson/Screening Transmission/screening is first time of the wastewater treatment process. Screening clears gigantic products as diapers, nappies, sterilized objects, fibers, face wipes and even out of order products, section clippings, plastics and plastic products that may square or harm gear. Remarkable gear is as well used to drain clumsiness that gets washed into the septic tank. Primary Treatment In this strategy wastewater is separated through seven fine screens to purge more outstanding things, for incidence, manuscript, fiber tips, cloth and synthetic. These materials are taken to Moss Vale Recycling Center. Six expansive variables pace exuding pumps send the screened sewage to the facade for auxiliary treatment in the unevenness takeoff tanks. Four streamed air through coarseness tanks empty sand, rock and different freethinking inorganic matter from the wastewater. Coarseness is added to the screenings for reusing. The wastewater then streams to the sedimentation tanks where solids settle to the base. The solids are emptied and exchanged to the solids supervision process. Oil and oil buoy to the nearly all hoisted reason for the tank and are evacuated by scrubbers. Figure: Wastewater treatment processes Secondary Treatment The larger part of the treated wastewater is unrestricted to the worth mentioning sea outfall. The treated wastewater enters a wide area that goes on it under the ocean bed around 3.7 km out to ocean, where the sea is around 60 m huge. The wastewater is discharged into the sea through diffusers. The diffusers are spread over around seven hundred meters toward the burrow's end into a degree off the eastern seaboard that is over and over again cleared by streams spilling to south. Light, saltwater and wave expansion work together to truly seclude and clean the treated wastewater. We screen the marine environment and test for lethality to check for any effect. We keep working with the environmental protection authority of South Wales to consider the marine environment around the critical sea outfalls. Some wastewater is further treated and reused in the plant as cooling water and to flush gear. Tertiary Treatment / Solid Removal It is fundamentally superfluous treatment past optional Tertiary treatment be able to remove from more than 99 percent of the extensive number of pollutions from manure, making a conversational of fundamentally drinking water quality. The interrelated encroachment can be appreciably expensive, requiring a bizarre state of fastidious limit and all around orchestrate treatment plant directors, a steady immensity supply, and chemicals and fussy gear which may not be swiftly accessible. An instance of a habitual tertiary treatment technique is the change of a traditional optional treatment plant to clear additional phosphorus and nitrogen. Purifying, consistently with chlorine, can be the last amble before landing of the emanating. Then again, some normal powers are bothered that chlorine residuals in the radiating can be a concern in their own particular advantage, and have moved far from this procedure. Purging is regularly joined with treatment plant graph, however not suitably honed, in light of the high cost of chlorine, or the reduced reason capacity of awesome radiation where the water is not palatably clear or free of particles. Solids which were cleared in the process of sedimentation framework experience transmission, thicken and taking care of. A strain press purges any further transmission previous to the solids go into revolving drum thickeners. The thicken solids are prepared in 3 anaerobic digesters. Methane gas passed on by the ingestion framework warms the digesters and produces power for the plant. The readied solids are experienced rotators to evacuate wealth water. They are then secured in holders before being trucked offsite for pleasing reuse. Maintenance and Operation Procedures The current processes are as follows- Odor Control Clean Water Services is focused on being a decent neighbor. We go down this dedication with considerable interests in scent control at our four wastewater treatment offices. Scent has truly been an unwelcome partner of wastewater treatment. To battle this, all noteworthy scent sources are secured or contained. Air from potential smell sources is caught and treated utilizing substance scrubbers to kill scent delivering mixes. Bio-solids Removal Clean Water Services' four wastewater treatment offices reuse more than 31 dry huge amounts of sheltered, supplement rich natural material from the a great many wastewater we clean every day. This reusing procedure results in the creation of bio-solids. Actually, the more we succeed in cleaning our water, the more bio-solids we can deliver and reuse for valuable use. The solids that settle out amid essential and auxiliary treatment are directed to digesters extensive barrel shaped tanks kept blended and warmed to body temperature. The solids are dealt with for around a month, experiencing anaerobic absorption that is assimilation by microorganisms that need no air. In their digestion system, methane gasses are emitted which you will frequently see smoldering in a light like gadget in any wastewater plant. The supplement rich bio-solids are dewatered and reused onto neighborhood ranches and rangeland in Eastern Oregon as a dirt correction. Solid Waste Recirculation The waste water treatment plant produces around 12x103 tons of bio-solids a year. They are utilized as a fragment of horticulture, treating the soil and terrain recuperation. Our overhauled trade with removes extra water from the bio-solids. These abatements the compute of trucks predictable that would transfer the thing, chopping down our carbon foot shaped impression. Diverse solids excluded from the wastewater, for incidence, manuscript, matter and coarseness are additionally reused. This gets utilized as turf underlie. Creating Power A cogeneration engine makes control neighboring. It utilizes the methane gas made by the bio-solids action procedure. A generator of hyro-electric type organized at the plant outfall waterway in like way passes on force. Together these actions mean we are diminishing our carbon foot framed impression and can make around 63% of the power utilized at the plant every day. Diminishing Effects on Environment The plant has its own particular tinier than consistent water reusing plant. It can make up to two million liters of decision reused water. This reused water is utilized for the plant's strategies, for occurrence, cooling, smell treatment and washing channels. This recoveries about two million liters of drinking water a day. To keep the significant measures of blended storm water and wastewater that entered in the Sydney city in the end years of 90s of nineteen century, we fictitious the side Storage Tunnel in two thousand. The five hundred million liter stockpiling segment is sixteen kilometers long and keeps running from Lane Cove to . This section structure diminishes wastewater surges amidst wet climate. Right when whirlwind water enters the wastewater framework, it makes an impressive measure of cripple wastewater. This is secured until it can be oversaw and a while later released by system for the huge sea outfall. Pathogenic Bacteria Pathogenic microbes and other infection bringing on living beings and are of most pertinent wherever the receiving water is utilized for drinking, or where persons would by one resources or an additional is in close get in touch with it. Disinfection The last stride in the wastewater treatment procedure is purification. Wastewater Treatment Facilities use Sodium Hypochlorite dosed at a controlled level to murder any remaining microbes. Instrumentation screens the chlorine lingering achieved, with an eye toward giving the insignificant measurement to finish sanitization. By observing a slight overabundance of measurements, (leftover), we guarantee that all receptive material in the pro-fluent has been presented to the sanitizing operators. Thirty years back, chlorine lingering of 2 to 3 mg/l was viewed as great protection for an appropriate purification of a treatment plant stream. Stream wellbeing, be that as it may, is not improved by the presentation of any chlorine leftover into the earth. Hence, Sodium Bi-Sulfite is presently dosed in adequate amounts to evacuate lingering chlorine before release. At our two littler plants, Hillsboro and Forest Grove, sterilization is expert by method for bright beams. The cleaned wastewater stream is steered through banks of UV lights, whose power is controlled to minimize electrical utilization while expanding bacterial murder. This framework has no requirement for killing the cleaning specialists before release. Conclusion Normal wastewater therapy plant, for illustration, the scale back Poplar and Rocky Creek offices possessed and worked via the Macon Water Authority, makes use of a number of ventures to reuse wastewater. Wastewater healing plants are additionally alluded to as Water Reclamation amenities, paying attention to that wastewater is "recovered" for valuable reuse - both certainly or in a roundabout manner coming again to crude water storerooms, for example, repositories/lakes, waterways, streams, and many others. Solids which can be repercussions of the wastewater healing system are likewise taken care of as per strict usual administrative oversight. References Radioactive waste water treatment. (1991). Waste Management, 11(3), p.IV. Balcioglu, I. and Arslan, I. (1997). Treatment of Textile Waste Water by Heterogenous Photocatalytic Oxidation Processes. Environmental Technology, 18(10), pp.1053-1059. BUFFLE, J. (1985). Importance of speciation methods in analytical control of water treatment processes with application to fluoride removal from waste waters. Water Research, 19(1), pp.7-23. Chen, Y. and Cheng, J. (2005). Anaerobic Processes in Waste Treatment. Water Environment Research, 77(6), pp.1347-1388. Chen, Y. and Cheng, J. (2007). Anaerobic Waste Treatment Processes. Water Environment Research, 79(10), pp.1430-1450. M. Khater, A. (2013). Toxic elements fractionation during underground water purification processes: Concentration and environmental impacts. Journal of Waste Water Treatment Analysis, s2(01). Gora, S. and Walsh, M. (2011). Recycle of waste backwash water in ultrafiltration drinking water treatment processes. Journal of Water Supply: Research and TechnologyAQUA, 60(4), p.185. Jenkins, S. (1976). Unit processes: tertiary and advanced waste water treatment: manuals of British practice in water pollution control. Water Research, 10(7), p.637. Jenkins, S. (1979). New processes of waste water treatment and recovery. Water Research, 13(12), p.1356. LIN, S. and LAN, W. (1998). Waste oil/water emulsion treatment by membrane processes. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 59(2-3), pp.189-199. New processes of waste water treatment and recovery. (1977). Water Research, 11(3), p.331. New processes of waste water treatment. (1980). Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological, 21(3), p.246. Ostrikov AN, Z. and De Michelis I, I. (2013). Coagulation Processes for Treatment of Waste Water from Meat Industry. International Journal of Waste Resources, 03(02). Rautenbach, R. and Mellis, R. (1995). Hybrid processes involving membranes for the treatment of highly organic/inorganic contaminated waste water. Desalination, 101(2), pp.105-113. Space natural post-treatment processes for clear water (Nearly fully treated waste water) for improvement of surface water quality and supplement of underground water reserves. (1995). Environment International, 21(3), p.349. Strathmann, H. (1976). Membrane Separation Processes in Advacced Waste Water Treatment. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 46(2-4). TOCK, R., REGE, M. and BHOJANI, S. (1993). Simultaneous Evaporation and Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) for Process Water Treatment. Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Materials, 10(2), pp.195-208. Ugolini, F. (1980). New Processes of Waste Water Treatment and Recovery. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 7(2), p.399. Yordanova, S. and Noikova, N. (1996). An investigation of the model of aerobic waste water treatment processes. Bioprocess Engineering, 15(4), pp.201-203. Yordanova, S. and Noikova, N. (1996). An investigation of the model of aerobic waste water treatment processes. Bioprocess Engineering, 15(4), p.201.

Internal Controls on Purchase of Material

Question: Discuss about theInternal Controls on Purchase of Material. Answer: Introduction Internal controls are designed to safeguard assets of the company and ensure reliable financial reporting (Arwinge, 2012). Internal controls in the areas of sales, purchase, fixed assets and stock are crucial to ensure accomplishment of the organizational goals. In the current case, internal controls in respect of stock of Fruito, which is retail sales shop, have been analyzed to find out risk factors and recommend checks and controls. The internal controls in relation to stock assume high importance in the organization engaged in retail sales business because of high volume movements (Arwinge, 2012). Identification of the Risk and its Impact The internal controls are placed on inward and outward movements and record maintenance of the stock so as to ensure that stock is safeguarded from misuse and theft (Johnstone, Gramling, Rittenberg, 2015). In the purchasing process there several risk factors that the management of Fruito should bear in mind while designing suitable controls. The first risk relates to authorization of the purchase transaction. The purchase orders need to be authorized by an appropriate authority such as purchase manager or head of the procurement department. If the purchase of material made without proper authorization, there would emanate a risk of buying material from unauthorized vendors at wrong prices and on terms which may be prejudicial to the company (Moeller, 2016). Further, in the absence of adequate controls, there remains a risk of excessive/short purchasing of material. It is customary for the companies engaged in the retails sales business to have estimations in regard to daily demand, supply, and buffer stock to be kept for emergency situations (Moeller, 2016). The company has to prescribe the reorder levels for material so that orders can be placed whenever stock reaches to the reorder level. In the absence of this mechanism, the company will be exposed to the risk of either falling short of material or pilling up inventory because of buying in excessive quantities. In either situation, the company will have to suffer. If the stock falls short, the company will not be able to meet out the demand, which may affect the customer base of the company. On the other hand, if the company buys in excess, it will lead to extra cost burden in the form of inventory handling and carrying costs (Moeller, 2016). Apart from the above, the controlling risks in relation to record maintenance are also crucial for the management of Fruito to take into consideration. In relation to purchase of material, it is essential that reliable and relevant records are maintained documenting all the necessary events in entire process of procurement (Moeller, 2016). The absence of adequate controls in this area would lead to manipulation and falsification of the book records. The employees of the company colluding with outsiders may take advantage of weak controls in the record maintenance and misuse the assets of the company for personal gains. Weak controlling in record maintenance may give rise to the risk of theft of material (Moeller, 2016). In addition to the above discussed risks, there remains a risk of reduction in the operational efficiency also. It is essential for every company to have properly structured and sell defined processes in every area of operations either it is material handling, procurement, or distribution. Lack of controls in the process of material procurement may lead to deterioration in the operational efficiency. Carrying out the processes with undefined steps and procedures always goes unplanned leading to delays and defects (Moeller, 2016). Recommendations for Internal Controls In order to counter the risks due to weak controls, the management of Fruito is advised to first define the processes such as order placing, authorization, and material checking on receipt. Further, each process should have an authority, which will be accountable for lapses or any kind of mistakes in the process (Delaney Whittington, 2010). The authorization process must be intact to ensure that all the transactions take place with the permission of the authorized person. In order to counter the risk of purchases from unauthorized suppliers on wrong prices and prejudicial terms, it is essential that the employees strictly adhere to the authorization process (Delaney Whittington, 2010). Further, the management of Fruito is advised to set the quantities of buffer/safety stock, reorder level, minimum level, and maximum level. The estimations in this regard got to be precise because mistakes would lead to financial loss to the company. There must be automation in record maintenance so that management could be made aware whenever inventory reaches to reorder level (Delaney Whittington, 2010). Further, high level checks should be implemented on the record maintenance to ensure that the transactions are recoded validly and timely. The management should ensure that the material in unloaded after proper physical counting and verification with the purchase order specifications (Delaney Whittington, 2010). In addition to the above, the management should have internal auditing function to check the book records and processes in respect of material procurement on adequate intervals (Delaney Whittington, 2010). The management should ensure proper segregation of duties that is to say that personnel who are responsible to carry out physical count should not take part in record maintenance. This will help in reducing the possibility of fraud through manipulation of the book records. Further, there should be caused verification of the stock by the third party at least once in a year so as to ensure that company holds in inventory what was purchased (Delaney Whittington, 2010). Summary In a nutshell, it could be analyzed that internal controls on material procurement are very important and particularly for the company engaged in retail sales business like Fruito. The major risks that could emanate due to weak controls in regard to Fruito have been identified as the risk of false book keeping, unauthorized purchase of material, and excessive/short inventory. In order to counter these risks, the management is advised to first take automation of the record maintenance process and define the standard operating procedures. In addition to this, accountability of the each personnel should be fixed and physical checks of stock should be implemented. References Arwinge, O. 2012. Internal Control: A Study of Concept and Themes. Springer Science Business Media. Delaney, P.R. Whittington, O.R. 2010. Wiley CPA Exam Review 2011, Auditing and Attestation. John Wiley Sons. Johnstone, K., Gramling, A., Rittenberg, L.E. 2015. Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach to Conducting a Quality Audit. Cengage Learning. Moeller, R.R. 2016. Brink's Modern Internal Auditing: A Common Body of Knowledge. John Wiley Sons.

How to Tell Me Something About Yourself

How to Tell Me Something About YourselfDo you want to learn how to tell me something about yourself? Have you been trying to write a college essay but are struggling to get the sentences to make sense? How can you tell me something about yourself if you don't know what you want to say?If you are a college student studying English or Spanish and don't know what you want to say, the first thing you should do is sit down and write a sentence that will describe you. If you are not sure what kind of person you are, try using a word or two to describe your personality.The next step is to write a letter to the person who will be judging your test. In your letter, explain why you would like them to see you as someone who is impressive. Explain your experiences and characteristics. Also say how your essay reflects what you want to do in the future.Once you have done this, compare your student's description with your own experiences. Your essay is yours. It is your story that can open your fut ure and give you an edge in the future.If you are worried about how you are going to write a college essay, there are many resources available. The most important resource is a professional writing teacher. He can help you develop your own writing style. You can also hire an essay editor to look over your paper and then help you edit it before it is handed in for submission.Writing a sample essay may seem like a difficult time, but the trick is to enjoy it! If you do this, it will make it easier for you to write and add great material to your college essay.When you go to writing class, you may be asked to find a good example to read. It is not necessary that the college instructor read every page of your essay. However, it is always good to have a friend or mentor read through your essay so that you don't forget the details.

The state of the economy in a business sector

Medical Esthetics Essays

Medical Esthetics Essays Medical Esthetics Paper Medical Esthetics Paper Essay Topic: Medical Medical esthetics is an evolving field in the therapeutic and medical sphere. It specializes in the use of advanced cosmetic lasers and other treatments to treat a full spectrum of both cosmetic and medical conditions that range from vascular and pigmented skin imperfections, hair removal, skin rejuvenation, and collagen regeneration, to more physically and emotionally debilitating conditions such as cystic acne and acne scarring, Rosacea removal and scar reduction to name just a few. Medical estheticians adopt holistic approaches in treating their patients’ conditions. They look at the cause of a condition rather than just the symptoms to formulate an effective treatment plan. According to the American Medical Aesthetics (AMA) corporation, this concept is vital in order to deliver exceptional results for which medical esthetics have come to be known, with little or no downtime. The AMA Corporation says further, â€Å"Lasers are unique in their ability to specifically target tissues below the surface of the skin and transfer energy to the root cause. By understanding each laser’s purpose, we can treat the condition with just enough energy from the right combination of laser frequencies to precisely affect the tissue. We look for what is called the ‘therapeutic threshold,’ which is the exact amount of energy needed to get a desired result – eliminating the downtime that is associated with over treating an area. † Esthetics is a rapidly emerging profession which specializes in skin and body care. There has evolved two types of practice in relation to esthetics. One is cosmetic esthetics and medical esthetics. Though both are concerned with enhancing the beauty of a client’s skin, cosmetic esthetics is limited to using make-up/cosmetic ingredients, their chemistry and use, and some skin care treatments offered in salons. The procedures that cosmetic estheticians perform include the following: organic, European and American facials; waxing and exfoliation; face, hand arm massage; cleansing and toning techniques; enzymes, ampoules, finishing masks; makeup/cosmetic ingredients, their chemistry and use; the basic anatomy and physiology of the skin; skin analysis and special treatments; and use of electrical current and esthetics equipment. While career opportunities for cosmetic estheticians may be any one of the following: Commercial Makeup Artist; Skin Technician; Cosmetic Merchandising; Cosmetics Sales; Cosmetic Buyer; Product Promotion; Skin Care Salon Owner; Teacher of Esthetics; Cruise Ship Esthetician. Medical esthetics, on the other hand, is concerned about the effects of time, lifestyle stressors, and even environmental stresses that can harm the skin. Therefore, maintenance treatments are necessary to prolong and enhance healthier more beautiful skin. The Medical Aestheticians are licensed skin care practitioners who perform the critical function of performing extractions and skin nourishing treatments as well as designing a home care regimen for each patient that assists the patient in remaining engaged in long term care and maintenance. These medical estheticians also perform customized facials so treatment results are better. And with these, patients are handled with TLC or tender love and care. As patients are under the long-term care of medical estheticians, they are able to maximize the results achieved by laser procedures. Medical estheticians are considered specialists who invest heavily in the tools of their trade. They invest in multiple lasers, as well as the most advanced, state-of-the-art lasers for the purpose of treating a wide variety of conditions and skin types. Their approach in treating various skin conditions is holistic, meaning to be a medical esthetician is to be interested in getting to the root cause of a condition to treat it at the source, rather than just treating surface conditions that are often a temporary solution. And for them, education is an ongoing process for the benefit of their patients. They continually educate themselves about the latest modalities in skin care in order to deliver consistent results time and again. The medical estheticians also educate their patients so they may better understand how their treatment interacts with their whole body and thereby help them achieve significant results. The job market for medical estheticians is extensive. Medical estheticians may launch and build a medical esthetics practice by setting up their own clinics, manage a clinic, teach in the field of medical esthetics, become a patient coordinator; go into marketing management, and more. Due to expanded clinical responsibilities in plastic surgeons and dermatologists practices expert esthetic clinicians with broad educational backgrounds and the appropriate credentials are urgently needed and are in great demand. According to the Victoria L. Rayner’s Center for Appearance and Esteem, the critical deficiency in supply of properly trained medical estheticians for health care services is widely recognized as a serious problem by practicing physicians. This is because physicians tend to complain often of the limited competence of inadequately trained personnel. Hence, accredited estheticians that have been properly trained and certified are being sought and hired. Medical estheticians may perform various procedures and some of these are the following: HBOT or Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy; computer complexion analysis; laser facelift; laser surgery procedure for pigmented discoloration of the skin such as color blending and age or sun spot removal; laser procedure for vascular discoloration like defined veins, broken capillaries, cherry angioma, generalized redness and microvasculature, and rosacea. They may also offer laser procedure for deep collagen regeneration and remodeling; laser procedure for â€Å"peel and resurfacing† or accelerated epidermal regeneration; and laser procedure for amber led photo-modulation. Other procedures performed include but are not limited to: pigmented lesion removal; age spot removal; age spot reduction; melasma reduction; cystic acne reduction / removal; spider vein laser removal (varicose vein removal / reduction); epidermal laser peel; dermal collagen remodeling procedures to remove surgical scars, acne scars, and stretch marks; permanent hair removal; dermal rejuvenation to treat wrinkles; Botox treatment; Restylane, an FDA-approved dermal filler; medical spas; and wrinkle reduction. Medical estheticians have more edge when it comes to knowledge and practice of esthetics. They may know what the cosmetic estheticians know and practice plus more. This is because medical estheticians become experts through training in cosmetically camouflaging and normalizing the appearance of disfigured patients aside from being knowledgeable in all aspects of camouflage therapy; they are also well equipped when it comes to dermatologic diagnosis and treatment methods, commonly prescribed medications for skin conditions (topical systemic), including the investigation of OTC medications. Other areas of expertise to medical estheticians which can be of more profit to them are the following: acne management; cellular rejuvenation; allergies and inflammatory disorders commonly seen by dermatologists; eczema and the medical estheticians role in its management; erythema and telangiectasia; positive and negative aspects of facial treatments; age associated skin changes, exploration of the causes of aging and how to minimize its effects; photosensitivity; pre-cancers of the skin; laser therapy; reactions to cosmetics; categorizing standard cosmetic formulations; the difference between drugs and cosmetics; facts about cleansing preparation; exploring micropigmentation; and indications of hormonal dysfunctions.

Proposal report for ERP strategic to Omar A. Balubaid Company Limited Essay

Proposal report for ERP strategic to Omar A. Balubaid Company Limited - Essay Example This section concludes with the benefits that will be brought about in Omar A. Balubaid after the implementation of ERP system. ERP systems tend to save time for any organization- this aspect has been discussed, along with the cost of implementation for other companies and Omar A. Balubaid. Risks of implementation have been discussed in the report. Several ways have been identified that can be adapted to handle the risks. Choosing a suitable vendor is an important step in the process of ERP implementation, therefore several vendors have been mentioned and then benefits of the chosen one have been discussed. Lastly, the implementation process of ERP systems has been discussed to give an overview to the reader about the factors that are needed to be considered during the implementation. The modern world has become a test for survival for companies around the world. Consumers have become more aware about their choices and tend to switch brands frequently. This creates the need for current information about the market trends, consumer behaviours and effective strategic planning. Companies need to be equipped with up-to-date systems so that they are not left behind in the race for revenues and market share. While keeping these things in mind, three new strategies were proposed for Omar Abu Bakar Balubaid. Co. Ltd. Omar A. Balubaid Co. Ltd. holds the status of being one of the first car companies in Saudi Arabia. It was founded in 1952 in Jeddah with the capital of SR 300,000 [1]. Over the years, the company has flourished and has established 50 branches to manage their operations and sales. It proudly owns the agencies of General Motors (GM) and Peugeot [2]. The company’s systems and procedures were being handled in the conventional manner of papers and files. Better IT infrastructure came about in the company in 1997 and MS Office got

Just-in-time (JIT) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Just-in-time (JIT) - Research Paper Example According to Helle (1988), integrating the concept of JIT scheduling with the MRP-II could not only preserve the simplicity of MRP-II design but also enables the end-users to easily understand the purpose of using the MRP-II (p. 100). Even though both the concept of JIT and MRP-II aims to reduce the bottle-necks that could hinder the flow of production, the success of JIT scheduling is still highly dependent on the capabilities of the MRP-II. In general, the application of MRP II can lead to management problems related to inaccurate information entered in MRP II software, the absence of proper skills necessary for the implementation of effective production planning and control system, the absence of top-management support, and the probability wherein the MRP II report will be by-passed by staff (Sheikh, pp. 190 – 192). Since manufacturing and control system is complex by nature, problems related to the use of MRP-II could negatively affect the success of implementing an efficient JIT scheduling. For example: Staff of Manufacturing X does not support the implementation of MRP-II system. Since JIT scheduling and MRP-II has been integrated to improve the flow of production, the lack of employee support over the use of MRP-II system could still result to inefficient JIT scheduling